Eucalyptus crebra       10986

Author: Ferdinand von Müller (1825-1896)
Family: Myrtaceae Subfamily: Myrtoideae Tribe: Eucalypteae
Genus: Eucalyptus Subgenus: Symphyomyrtus Section: Adnataria Subsection: Apicales Serie: Siderophloiae Subserie: Subglaucae
English name: Narrow-leaved red ironbark
Zone: Australia

Description
It is a tree which is found around Bargo, in the central coastal plains, in the northwest on the slopes and plains of New South Wales and which continues along the east of Queensland until south of the Cape York Peninsula. The origin of its name Eucalyptus crebra comes from the Latin 'creber' which means frequent, referring to the abundance. This species of Eucalyptus grows in acidic, poor, infertile, draining soils but it can also be found on rocks. It grows in temperate zones but can adapt to subtropical regions. It is also tolerant of light to moderate frosts and resistant to drought.
Eucalyptus crebra Observed in Australia by Geoffrey Sinclair (license)
Botanical Description
This Eucalyptus is a tree with a solitary trunk, and it forms a lignotuber. Its bark is rough dark gray or black, hard and deeply furrowed.

The stems are rounded or square in cross section. The juvenile leaves are petiolate, opposite for a few pairs then alternate, linear, lanceolate or falcate. They measure from 5 to 12cm long by 0.6 to 1.7cm wide, green or gray-green. The adult leaves are alternate, petiolate 0.7 to 2cm long. The blade is linear to lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, measuring 5.5 to 18cm long and 0.7 to 2.7cm wide. The base is tapering to the petiole, concolorous, dull, green to gray-green to rarely glaucous. The reticulation is dense to very dense. The intra-marginal vein is parallel and close to the margin.

The inflorescence is terminal, or sometimes with simple axillary umbels, with a peduncle measuring 0.2 to 1.3cm long and composed of 7.9 or 11 buds per umbel, pedicels of 0.2 to 0.7cm. The mature buds are claviform or fusiform, diamond-shaped or ovoid. The buds are 0.3 to 0.7 cm long and 0.2 to 0.4 cm wide, green to yellow, smooth. The scar is present, the operculum is conical to rounded. The stamens are usually irregularly flexed, the anthers are adnate, globoid, dehiscing by large slits or lateral pores, the style is long, the stigma is blunt or pin-head shaped. 3 to 4 locules present. The flowers are white all year round except in February.

The fruit is pedicelled from 0.1 to 0.6cm long, barrel-shaped or hemispherical, from 0.2 to 0.7cm long and 0.25 to 0.6cm wide, 3 or 4 valves near rim level or enclosed. The seeds are brown or gray, 0.8 to 2mm long, ovoid to flattened ovoid, often pointed at one end, with a shallowly pitted dorsal surface, ventral hilum.
Member of
The Genus: Eucalyptus Subgenus: Symphyomyrtus Section: Adnataria Subsection: Apicales Serie: Siderophloiae Subserie: Subglaucae having the following characters: The buds have two opercula, ovules are in four rows, seeds flattened-ovoid, cotyledons reniform, and anthers rigid on the staminal filaments. Within section Adnataria, Eucalyptus crebra is part of series Siderophloiae subseries Subglaucae, further distinguished by being trees with ironbark, and having predominantly terminal inflorescences, buds shedding the outer operculum early in development, stamens irregularly flexed in bud and all fertile, and juvenile leaves petiolate and not persisting into the mature crown.
Useful plant
This species produces honey of very good quality and strong in taste, and a large quantity of pollen of poor quality.

References
- Encyclopedia of Australian Plants, Elliot W. Rodger & Jones David L. 2012 Vol. 4 pag. 66-67. ISBN
- Eucalypts of Australia. Eucalyptus crebra
- Forest Trees of Australia, D.J Boland, M.I.H Brooker, G.M Chippendale, N. Hall, B.P.M Hyland, R.D Johnston, D.A Kleinig, M.W McDonal and J.D Turner. 2019 pag. 482-483. ISBN
- Native trees and shrubs of South-Eastern Australia, Leon Costermans. 1996 pag. 371. ISBN
- Taller Eucalypts for planting in Australia, Dean Nicolle. 2016 pag. 76. ISBN
- The use of Trees and Shrubs in the Dry Country of Australia, Norman Hall. 1972 pag. 367. ISBN
References for the genus
- Encyclopedia of Australian Plants, Elliot W. Rodger & Jones David L. 2012. ISBN
- A general history of the dichlamydeous plants, comprising complete descriptions of the different orders, Don, George. 1831 Vol. 2. Address
- A genetic investigation of relationships and species boundaries between Eucalyptus dalrympleana and allied taxa in New South Wales., Fahey, Patrick and Rossetto, Maurizio and Bruhl, Jeremy and Andrew, Rose and Andrew, Damien. Telopea 2024 Vol. 27 pag. 177-196. DOI
- A new classification of sections and series in Eucalyptus subg. Eudesmia (Myrtaceae), Bayly, Michael and Mclay, Todd and Cantrill, David and Fowler, Rachael. Muelleria: An Australian Journal of Botany 2023 Vol. 41 pag. 50-54. DOI
- A new series, Incognitae, of Eucalyptus L'Her., including a new species endemic to Fleurieu Peninsula and Kangaroo Island, South Australia, Nicolle, D. Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Garden 1995 pag. 73-78. JStor
- A new species and a new combination in the shining peppermint group of Eucalyptus and notes on the distribution of Eucalyptus willisii sens. strict, Rule, K. Muelleria: An Australian Journal of Botany 2008 Vol. 26. DOI
- A revised classification for the predominantly eastern Australian Eucalyptus subgenus Symphyomyrtus sections Maidenaria, Exsertaria, Latoangulatae and related smaller sections (Myrtaceae)., Jones, Rebecca and Nicolle, Dean. Telopea 2018 Vol. 21 pag. 129-145. DOI
- A revision of the Yellow Bloodwoods (Myrtaceae: Eucalyptus ser. Naviculares Maiden), Brooker, M.I.H and Bean, Tony. Austrobaileya 1991 Vol. 3 pag. 409-437. DOI
- A taxonomic revision of Eucalyptus wandoo, E. redunca and allied species (Eucalyptus series Levispermae Maiden - Myrtaceae) in Western Australia, Brooker, M. I. H. (Murray Ian Hill), and Hopper, Stephen D. Nuytsia 1991 Vol. 8 pag. 1-189. Address
- A taxonomic revision of the semi-cryptic narrow-leaved mallees (Eucalyptus series Porantherae, Myrtaceae) from southern Australia., Nicolle, Dean and French, Malcolm E. 2021 Vol. 35 pag. 73-152. Address
- Eucalyptus revelata, a rare new species related to E. mooreana (Myrtaceae) from the Kimberley region of Western Australia, Nicolle, Dean and Barrett, Russell L and others. Nuytsia 2018 Vol. 29 pag. 109-118. Address
- Eucalyptus wimmerensis revisited and notes on the morphologies and taxonomies of five Victorian mallee-boxes, Rule, K. Muelleria: An Australian Journal of Botany 2018 Vol. 37 pag. 39-64. DOI
- Five new endemic eucalypts for Victoria, Rule, K. Muelleria 2012 Vol. 30 pag. 83-105. DOI
- Four new species of Eucalyptus, S. T. Blake. Austrobaileya 1977 Vol. 1(1) pag. 1-9. JStor
- Four new species of ironbark (Eucalyptus L'Herit., Myrtaceae) from southern Queensland, Bean, Tony and M.I.H.Brooker,. Austrobaileya 1994 Vol. 4 pag. 187-194.
- Multivariate analysis of morphological variation in Eucalyptus series Psathyroxyla Blakely (Myrtaceae): taxonomic implications, Pfeil, BE and Henwood, MJ. Telopea 2004 Vol. 10(3) pag. 711-724. Address
- New subspecies in Eucalyptus caesia and in E. crucis (Myrtaceae) of Western Australia, Brooker, M. I. H. (Murray Ian Hill), and Hopper, S D. Nuytsia 1982 Vol. 4 pag. 113-128. Address
- New taxa and combinations in Eucalyptus and Angophora (Myrtaceae), Johnson, Lawrence and Hill, Kenneth. Telopea 1990 Vol. 4 pag. 37-108. DOI
- New taxa in Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) for Victoria and notes on Victorian populations of Eucalyptus calycogona, Rule, K. Muelleria 2004 Vol. 20 pag. 9-32. DOI
- New taxa of Eucalyptus informal subgenus Symphyomyrtus (Myrtaceae), endemic to South Australia, Nicolle, Dean. Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Garden 2000 pag. 83-94. JStor
- Notes on Eucalyptus ser. Psathyroxyla Blakely (Myrtaceae) and other 'Ash group' eucalypts, Bean, Tony. Austrobaileya 1997 Vol. 5 pag. 125-135. DOI
- Notes on the narrow-leaved Ironbarks (Myrtaceae: Eucalyptus subseries Subglaucae), Bean, Tony. Austrobaileya 2005 Vol. 7 pag. 111-120. DOI
- Resolution of a 35-year taxonomic dilemma: Eucalyptus sp. Howes Swamp Creek (Myrtaceae) from eastern Wollemi National Park, New South Wales, Bell, Stephen and Phillips, Gavin and Nicolle, Dean. Telopea 2022 Vol. 25 pag. 151-163. DOI
- Six new infraspecific taxa in Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) for Victoria, Rule, K. Muelleria 2011 Vol. 29 pag. 3-15. DOI
- Systematic studies in the eucalypts — 3 New taxa and combinations in Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae), Hill, Kenneth & Johnson, L. A. S. Telopea 1991 Vol. 4(2) pag. 223-267. Address
- Systematic studies in the eucalypts — 4 New taxa in Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae), K.D. Hill & L-A.S. Johnson. Telopea 1991 Vol. 4(2) pag. 312-349. Address
- Systematic studies in the Eucalypts 5. new taxa and combination in eucalyptus myrtaceae in western australia, Hill, K.D.; Johnson, L.A.S. Telopea 1992 Vol. 4(4) pag. 561-634. Address
- Systematic studies in the eucalypts. 10. New tropical and subtropical eucalypts from Australia and New Guinea (Eucalyptus, Myrtaceae), Hill, KD and Johnson, LAS. Telopea 2000 Vol. 8(4) pag. 503-539. Address
- Systematic studies in the eucalypts. 11. New taxa and combinations in Eucalyptus section Dumaria (Myrtaceae)., Hill, KD and Johnson, LAS and Blaxell, DF. Telopea 2001 Vol. 9(2) pag. 259-318. Address
- Systematic studies in the eucalypts. 6. A revision of the coolibahs, Eucalyptus subgenus; Symphyomyrtus section; Adnataria series; Oliganthae subseries; Microthecosae (Myrtaceae), Hill, KD and Johnson, LAS. Telopea 1994 Vol. 5(4) pag. 743-771. Address
- Systematic studies in the eucalypts. 8. A review of the eudesmioid eucalypts, Eucalyptus subgenus Eudesmia (Myrtaceae), Hill, KD and Johnson, LAS. Telopea 1998 Vol. 7(4) pag. 375-414. Address
- Systematic studies in the Eucalypts. 9. A review of series Sociales (Eucalyptus subgenus Symphyomyrtus, Section Bisectaria, Myrtaceae), Hill, K.D. and Johnson, L.A.S. Telopea 1999 Vol. 8 (2) pag. 165-218. Address
- Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on the Eastern grey boxes (Eucalyptus ser. Moluccanae Chippendale, Myrtaceae) and the reinstatement of Eucalyptus woollsiana R.T.Baker, Bean, Tony. Austrobaileya 2009 Vol. 8 pag. 25-34. DOI
- The Ironbarks Allied to Eucalyptus crebra F. Muell. and the Description of a New Species, E. quadricostata, in the Group, Brooker, M. Austrobaileya 1985 Vol. 2 pag. 148-152. DOI
- Three new Victorian species related to Eucalyptus aromaphloia L.D. Pryor and J.H. Willis and notes on the polymorphic nature of that species, Rule, K. Muelleria: An Australian Journal of Botany 1996 Vol. 9 pag. 133-143. DOI
- Two new mallee Eucalypts (Myrtaceae) from Gippsland, Victoria, Rule, K. and Molyneux, W.M. Muelleria 2011 Vol. 29 pag. 16-26. DOI
- Two new subspecific taxa within the Eucalyptus Series Argyrophyllae for Victoria, Rule, Kevin and Walsh, Neville. Muelleria: An Australian Journal of Botany 2017 Vol. 36 pag. 81-91. DOI
- Typification of some names in Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae), Part 1, Bean, Tony. Telopea 2009 Vol. 12 pag. 309-319. DOI
- Typification of some names in Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae), Part 2, Bean, Tony. Telopea 2010 Vol. 12 pag. 469-477. ResearchGate
- Typification of some names in Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae), Part 3, Bean, Tony. Telopea 2010 Vol. 12 pag. 511-520. ResearchGate
- Hommes et Plantes. Vol. 58 pag. 34-41. Address
- PlantÆxoticA. 2015 Vol. 11 pag. 7-11. Address
- PlantÆxoticA. 2015 Vol. 21 pag. 4-19. Address
- PlantÆxoticA. 2015 Vol. 28 pag. 18-26. Address
General specifications
Biological type: tree
Frost resistance: 18ºF
Leaf color: dark green
Flower color: white
No transplantation: Yes
IUCN Red List of threatened species status: Least Concern

Specifications for the Mediterranean basin
Adult size (h x w): 65,6ft x 32,8ft
Sun exposure: full sun (Sun hours: >6h
Foliage: evergreen
Growth: fast
Flowering time from September until July

Specific information for our garden
Planting substrate: 30%Compost+30%Coco+40%Sand
Plant watering: 3x a week pH 6.5
Logical sequence of containers for: Eucalyptus; forestry plate, forestry pot 3L, Airpot 12L, Airpot 50L, Airpot 800L
Propagation is done by cuttings

Ecology in its country of origin
Rainfall: 500-600mm
Gravelly soil: much
Clay soil: much
Sandy soil: much
Soil depth: <3ft
Street alignment tree: very suitable
Ornemental: much
Sowing instructions
SPRING AUTUMN Select the largest and most fleshy BROWN seeds. Sow the seeds at 2mm depth in the Well Drained Seed Sowing Mix between 68-77°F. During germination keep the substrate moist and in daylight. The seeds germinate in 3-6 weeks.
The average seed weight is 1052,6 per gram (0,00095g).
The viability of the seeds, kept under good conditions, is 10 years.

Germination references
- A continental-scale study of seed lifespan in experimental storage examining seed, plant, and environmental traits associated with longevity, Merritt, David J. and Martyn, Amelia J. and Ainsley, Phillip and Young, Renee E and Seed, Leahwyn U and Thorpe, Michael and Hay, Fiona R and Commander, Lucy E and Shackelford, Nancy and Offord, Catherine A and others. Biodiversity and Conservation 2014 Vol. 23 pag. 1081-1104. Address
- Seeds: Ecology, Biogeography, and, Evolution of Dormancy and Germination, Baskin, Carol and Baskin, J.M. 2014 pag. 1-1586. DOI

Germination references for the genus
- USDA Forest Service's Woody Plant Seed Manual, John K. Francis and Craig D.Whitesell. 2008. Address
Experiences in the garden
08-05-14A Obtaining seeds from seed provider Sunshine Seeds.
21-08-14 Sown 100 seeds in a tray, they did not geminate.
Protocol: Autumn 2mm Sowing mix+Sand >77°F Damp substrate+Light 3-6w
08-08-17B Obtaining seeds from seed provider Nindethana Seeds collected in 'Nindethana Seeds7>Blue Mountains National Park'. (Wild origin)
11-10-17 Send a batch to nursery Railhet.
24-12-18C Obtaining seeds from seed provider New-Zealand Seeds.
05-02-19 Send a batch to nursery Railhet.
29-09-19B Obtaining 6 plants from nursery Railhet, they are in our nursery Euc3 6x A45 (Formerly of wild origin)
12-10-19D Obtaining seeds from seed provider Ole lantana Seed Store. Stock Index Seminum
03-03-20 Send a batch to nursery Railhet.
23-04-20 Sown 15 seeds in a seed plate F and germinated at 14-05-20.
Protocol: Spring 2mm Sowing mix+Sand 64-72°F Damp substrate+Light 3-6w
21-03-23 Sown 12 seeds in a seed plate F and germinated at 10-04-23, result: 4 units in Serre7.
Protocol: Spring Brown Seed 2mm 20Clay 59-68°F Damp substrate+Light 3-6w
01-03-20C Obtaining 10 plants from nursery Railhet, they are in our nursery Ombr12d 8x A12 Euc8 1x A45
09-09-21 1x Dead plant: No information: Ombr13d A45.
. . . 2020D Production of 20 plants in our nursery: Ombr11d 11x A12
10-07-22 3x Dead plant because of watering problem: Serre3 F3.
01-08-22 2x Plant not found in nursery: Serre3 F3 Serre7 F3.
02-04-25 1x Dead plant: No information: Ombr1d A12.
. . . 2023D Production of 4 plants in our nursery: Serre3 4x F3
11-03-24E Obtaining seeds from seed provider New-Zealand Seeds. Stock