Eucalyptus pauciflora ssp niphophila       9639

Author: (Joseph Henry Maiden (1859-1925) & William Faris Blakely (1875-1941)) Lawrence Alexander Sidney Johnson (1925-1997) & Donald Frederick Blaxell (1934-)
Family: Myrtaceae Subfamily: Myrtoideae Tribe: Eucalypteae
Genus: Eucalyptus Subgenus: Eucalyptus Section: Cineraceae Serie: Pauciflorae
Synonym(s): Eucalyptus niphophila
English name: Snow gum
Zone: Australia

Description
Eucalyptus pauciflora is a species with mallee or small to tall tree habit, widespread from the far south-east of Queensland (represented there by a single population near Stanthorpe), through the tablelands and alps of New South Wales but also subcoastal west of Bega, the highlands and southern Victoria, central and north-eastern Tasmania, and a single population east of Mt Gambier in the south-east of South Australia. E. pauciflora subsp. niphophila is restricted to the highest altitudes suitable for tree growth in the Snowy Mountains of New South Wales, e.g. many places in the Kosciuszko National Park, extending to Bimberi in the Australian Capital Territory, and in Victoria on Mt Hotham, Mt Bogong and the Bogong High Plains, Mt Torbreck and Mt Wellington. The epithet of the subspecies is from the Greek niphophilos, snow-loving, referring to the alpine habitat.
Eucalyptus pauciflora ssp niphophila Observed in Australia by bronwyncallaghan (license)
Botanical Description
It is a tree or large shrub, to 7m tall. Lignotuber is present. The bark is smooth, white to cream and grey, with patches of yellow and pink, often with scribbles. The branchlets are glaucous. The stem is rounded in cross-section, glaucous, slightly warty or smooth.

The juvenile leaves are opposite for 4 to 10 nodes then alternate, petiolate, ovate, 2.5-7.5cm long, 2-3.5cm wide, base truncate to rounded or tapering to petiole, dull, blue-green to glaucous. The adult leaves are alternate, petiole 1-2cm long. The blade is lanceolate to ovate to falcate or elliptical, 5-10cm long, 1.2-3cm wide, base oblique or tapering to petiole, glossy, green to blue-green, parallel-veined, sparsely to moderately reticulate, intramarginal vein parallel to and well removed from margin, oil glands island.

The inflorescence is axillary unbranched, peduncles 0.5-1cm long. There are 9 to 15 buds per umbel, usually shortly pedicellate (pedicels to 0.4cm long). The mature buds are obovoid or clavate, 0.4-0.8cm long, 0.3-0.6cm wide, green to red under white wax, smooth or warty. The scar is absent, operculum rounded to beaked. The stamens are inflexed, anthers reniform to cordate, versatile, dorsifixed, dehiscing by confluent slits (usually). The style is short or long, stigma blunt or tapered, usually 3 locules, each with 2 or 4 vertical ovule rows. The flowers are white. Flowering has been recorded in December, January and February.

The fruit is sessile or on pedicels to 0.3cm long, cup-shaped to obconical or hemispherical, 0.6-1cm long, 0.6-1cm wide, glaucous. The disc is level or descending, usually 3 valves, near rim level or enclosed. The seeds are black, or brown, 1.5-2mm long, pyramidal or obliquely pyramidal, dorsal surface smooth, hilum terminal.
Member of
The Genus: Eucalyptus Subgenus: Eucalyptus Section: Cineraceae Serie: Pauciflorae having the following characters: Cotyledons reniform, juvenile leaves alternate, bluish to glaucous, adult leaves with side-veins parallel to the midrib, single axillary inflorescences with buds in clusters of seven to eleven, buds with single operculum, usually inflexed stamens, reniform anthers, ovules in two rows, and seeds more or less pyramidal.

References
- Encyclopedia of Australian Plants, Elliot W. Rodger & Jones David L. 2012 Vol. 4 pag. 172-173. ISBN
- Eucalypts of Australia. Eucalyptus pauciflora ssp niphophila
- Native trees and shrubs of South-Eastern Australia, Leon Costermans. 1996 pag. 342. ISBN
- Taller Eucalypts for planting in Australia, Dean Nicolle. 2016 pag. 142-143. ISBN
References for the genus
- Encyclopedia of Australian Plants, Elliot W. Rodger & Jones David L. 2012. ISBN
- A general history of the dichlamydeous plants, comprising complete descriptions of the different orders, Don, George. 1831 Vol. 2. Address
- A genetic investigation of relationships and species boundaries between Eucalyptus dalrympleana and allied taxa in New South Wales., Fahey, Patrick and Rossetto, Maurizio and Bruhl, Jeremy and Andrew, Rose and Andrew, Damien. Telopea 2024 Vol. 27 pag. 177-196. DOI
- A new classification of sections and series in Eucalyptus subg. Eudesmia (Myrtaceae), Bayly, Michael and Mclay, Todd and Cantrill, David and Fowler, Rachael. Muelleria: An Australian Journal of Botany 2023 Vol. 41 pag. 50-54. DOI
- A new series, Incognitae, of Eucalyptus L'Her., including a new species endemic to Fleurieu Peninsula and Kangaroo Island, South Australia, Nicolle, D. Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Garden 1995 pag. 73-78. JStor
- A new species and a new combination in the shining peppermint group of Eucalyptus and notes on the distribution of Eucalyptus willisii sens. strict, Rule, K. Muelleria: An Australian Journal of Botany 2008 Vol. 26. DOI
- A revised classification for the predominantly eastern Australian Eucalyptus subgenus Symphyomyrtus sections Maidenaria, Exsertaria, Latoangulatae and related smaller sections (Myrtaceae)., Jones, Rebecca and Nicolle, Dean. Telopea 2018 Vol. 21 pag. 129-145. DOI
- A revision of the Yellow Bloodwoods (Myrtaceae: Eucalyptus ser. Naviculares Maiden), Brooker, M.I.H and Bean, Tony. Austrobaileya 1991 Vol. 3 pag. 409-437. DOI
- A taxonomic revision of Eucalyptus wandoo, E. redunca and allied species (Eucalyptus series Levispermae Maiden - Myrtaceae) in Western Australia, Brooker, M. I. H. (Murray Ian Hill), and Hopper, Stephen D. Nuytsia 1991 Vol. 8 pag. 1-189. Address
- A taxonomic revision of the semi-cryptic narrow-leaved mallees (Eucalyptus series Porantherae, Myrtaceae) from southern Australia., Nicolle, Dean and French, Malcolm E. 2021 Vol. 35 pag. 73-152. Address
- Eucalyptus revelata, a rare new species related to E. mooreana (Myrtaceae) from the Kimberley region of Western Australia, Nicolle, Dean and Barrett, Russell L and others. Nuytsia 2018 Vol. 29 pag. 109-118. Address
- Eucalyptus wimmerensis revisited and notes on the morphologies and taxonomies of five Victorian mallee-boxes, Rule, K. Muelleria: An Australian Journal of Botany 2018 Vol. 37 pag. 39-64. DOI
- Five new endemic eucalypts for Victoria, Rule, K. Muelleria 2012 Vol. 30 pag. 83-105. DOI
- Four new species of Eucalyptus, S. T. Blake. Austrobaileya 1977 Vol. 1(1) pag. 1-9. JStor
- Four new species of ironbark (Eucalyptus L'Herit., Myrtaceae) from southern Queensland, Bean, Tony and M.I.H.Brooker,. Austrobaileya 1994 Vol. 4 pag. 187-194.
- Multivariate analysis of morphological variation in Eucalyptus series Psathyroxyla Blakely (Myrtaceae): taxonomic implications, Pfeil, BE and Henwood, MJ. Telopea 2004 Vol. 10(3) pag. 711-724. Address
- New subspecies in Eucalyptus caesia and in E. crucis (Myrtaceae) of Western Australia, Brooker, M. I. H. (Murray Ian Hill), and Hopper, S D. Nuytsia 1982 Vol. 4 pag. 113-128. Address
- New taxa and combinations in Eucalyptus and Angophora (Myrtaceae), Johnson, Lawrence and Hill, Kenneth. Telopea 1990 Vol. 4 pag. 37-108. DOI
- New taxa in Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) for Victoria and notes on Victorian populations of Eucalyptus calycogona, Rule, K. Muelleria 2004 Vol. 20 pag. 9-32. DOI
- New taxa of Eucalyptus informal subgenus Symphyomyrtus (Myrtaceae), endemic to South Australia, Nicolle, Dean. Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Garden 2000 pag. 83-94. JStor
- Notes on Eucalyptus ser. Psathyroxyla Blakely (Myrtaceae) and other 'Ash group' eucalypts, Bean, Tony. Austrobaileya 1997 Vol. 5 pag. 125-135. DOI
- Notes on the narrow-leaved Ironbarks (Myrtaceae: Eucalyptus subseries Subglaucae), Bean, Tony. Austrobaileya 2005 Vol. 7 pag. 111-120. DOI
- Resolution of a 35-year taxonomic dilemma: Eucalyptus sp. Howes Swamp Creek (Myrtaceae) from eastern Wollemi National Park, New South Wales, Bell, Stephen and Phillips, Gavin and Nicolle, Dean. Telopea 2022 Vol. 25 pag. 151-163. DOI
- Six new infraspecific taxa in Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) for Victoria, Rule, K. Muelleria 2011 Vol. 29 pag. 3-15. DOI
- Systematic studies in the eucalypts — 3 New taxa and combinations in Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae), Hill, Kenneth & Johnson, L. A. S. Telopea 1991 Vol. 4(2) pag. 223-267. Address
- Systematic studies in the eucalypts — 4 New taxa in Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae), K.D. Hill & L-A.S. Johnson. Telopea 1991 Vol. 4(2) pag. 312-349. Address
- Systematic studies in the Eucalypts 5. new taxa and combination in eucalyptus myrtaceae in western australia, Hill, K.D.; Johnson, L.A.S. Telopea 1992 Vol. 4(4) pag. 561-634. Address
- Systematic studies in the eucalypts. 10. New tropical and subtropical eucalypts from Australia and New Guinea (Eucalyptus, Myrtaceae), Hill, KD and Johnson, LAS. Telopea 2000 Vol. 8(4) pag. 503-539. Address
- Systematic studies in the eucalypts. 11. New taxa and combinations in Eucalyptus section Dumaria (Myrtaceae)., Hill, KD and Johnson, LAS and Blaxell, DF. Telopea 2001 Vol. 9(2) pag. 259-318. Address
- Systematic studies in the eucalypts. 6. A revision of the coolibahs, Eucalyptus subgenus; Symphyomyrtus section; Adnataria series; Oliganthae subseries; Microthecosae (Myrtaceae), Hill, KD and Johnson, LAS. Telopea 1994 Vol. 5(4) pag. 743-771. Address
- Systematic studies in the eucalypts. 8. A review of the eudesmioid eucalypts, Eucalyptus subgenus Eudesmia (Myrtaceae), Hill, KD and Johnson, LAS. Telopea 1998 Vol. 7(4) pag. 375-414. Address
- Systematic studies in the Eucalypts. 9. A review of series Sociales (Eucalyptus subgenus Symphyomyrtus, Section Bisectaria, Myrtaceae), Hill, K.D. and Johnson, L.A.S. Telopea 1999 Vol. 8 (2) pag. 165-218. Address
- Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on the Eastern grey boxes (Eucalyptus ser. Moluccanae Chippendale, Myrtaceae) and the reinstatement of Eucalyptus woollsiana R.T.Baker, Bean, Tony. Austrobaileya 2009 Vol. 8 pag. 25-34. DOI
- The Ironbarks Allied to Eucalyptus crebra F. Muell. and the Description of a New Species, E. quadricostata, in the Group, Brooker, M. Austrobaileya 1985 Vol. 2 pag. 148-152. DOI
- Three new Victorian species related to Eucalyptus aromaphloia L.D. Pryor and J.H. Willis and notes on the polymorphic nature of that species, Rule, K. Muelleria: An Australian Journal of Botany 1996 Vol. 9 pag. 133-143. DOI
- Two new mallee Eucalypts (Myrtaceae) from Gippsland, Victoria, Rule, K. and Molyneux, W.M. Muelleria 2011 Vol. 29 pag. 16-26. DOI
- Two new subspecific taxa within the Eucalyptus Series Argyrophyllae for Victoria, Rule, Kevin and Walsh, Neville. Muelleria: An Australian Journal of Botany 2017 Vol. 36 pag. 81-91. DOI
- Typification of some names in Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae), Part 1, Bean, Tony. Telopea 2009 Vol. 12 pag. 309-319. DOI
- Typification of some names in Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae), Part 2, Bean, Tony. Telopea 2010 Vol. 12 pag. 469-477. ResearchGate
- Typification of some names in Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae), Part 3, Bean, Tony. Telopea 2010 Vol. 12 pag. 511-520. ResearchGate
- Hommes et Plantes. Vol. 58 pag. 34-41. Address
- PlantÆxoticA. 2015 Vol. 11 pag. 7-11. Address
- PlantÆxoticA. 2015 Vol. 21 pag. 4-19. Address
- PlantÆxoticA. 2015 Vol. 28 pag. 18-26. Address
General specifications
Biological type: tree
Frost resistance: -13ºF
Leaf color: glaucous
Flower color: white
No transplantation: Yes
Alpinous plant: Yes

Specifications for the Mediterranean basin
Adult size (h x w): 26,2ft x 13,1ft
Sun exposure: full sun (Sun hours: >6h
Foliage: evergreen
Growth: fast
Flowering time from June until August

Specific information for our garden
Planting substrate: 30%Compost+30%Coco+40%Sand
Plant watering: 3x a week pH 6.5
Logical sequence of containers for: Eucalyptus; forestry plate, forestry pot 3L, Airpot 12L, Airpot 50L, Airpot 800L
Propagation is done by cuttings
Units in the garden: 4x

Ecology in its country of origin
Rainfall: 900-1800mm
Sowing instructions
SPRING AUTUMN Select the largest and most fleshy BLACK seeds. Sow the seeds at 2mm depth in the Well Drained Seed Sowing Mix between 68-77°F. During germination keep the substrate moist and in daylight. The seeds germinate in 3-6 weeks. The results are erratic.
The average seed weight is 317,5 per gram (0,00315g).
The viability of the seeds, kept under good conditions, is 10 years.

Germination references
- A comparative study on seed physiology and germination requirements for 15 species of Eucalyptus, Farhana Afroze, Gerry C. Douglas & Helen Grogan. Theoretical and Experimental Plant Physiology 2021 Vol. 33 pag. 411-425. Address
- Soil temperatures during autumn prescribed burning: implications for the germination of fire responsive species?, T. D. Penmana & A. L. Towertona. International Journal of Wildland Fire 2008 Vol. 17(5) pag. 572-578. ResearchGate

Germination references for the genus
- USDA Forest Service's Woody Plant Seed Manual, John K. Francis and Craig D.Whitesell. 2008. Address
Experiences in the garden
08-08-17A Obtaining seeds from seed provider Nindethana Seeds collected in 'Nindethana Seeds7>Namadgi National Park'. (Wild origin)
11-10-17 Send a batch to nursery Railhet.
12-03-18B Obtaining 6 plants from nursery Treseders, they are in our nursery Euc10 3x A45
13-09-18C Obtaining 6 plants from nursery Arven, they are in our nursery Euc7 1x A45
16-03-25 1x Dead plant because of watering problem: Euc7 A45.
25-07-22 1x Dead plant: No information: Euc7 A45.
23-09-23 3x Dead plant because of watering problem: Euc7 A45.
15-09-18A Obtaining 13 plants from nursery Railhet, they are planted in zone(s) Euc32 (Formerly of wild origin)
01-08-20 2x Plant received in poor condition: Euc15 A45.
03-05-23 7x Dead plant: No information: Euc32.
16-09-21D Obtaining seeds from seed provider Csiro collected in 'Csiro4>Mount Hotham'. Stock (Wild origin)
11-04-24 Sown 12 seeds in a seed plate F and germinated at 20-06-24, result: 1 units in Serre3.
Protocol: Spring Black Seed 2mm Sowing mix+Sand 64-72°F Damp substrate+Light 3-6w E
13-05-25 Sown 24 seeds in a seed plate F and germinated at 30-05-25, result: 3 units in Serre7.
Protocol: Spring Autumn Black Seed 2mm Sowing mix+Sand 68-77°F Damp substrate+Light 3-6w E