Teucrium francoi 0
Author: Miguel Pinto da Silva Menezes de Sequeira (1964-) & Jorge Henrique Capelo Gonçalves (1965-) & José Carlos Augusta da Costa (1955-) & Roberto Jardim (1969-)Family: Lamiaceae Subfamily: Ajugoideae Tribe: Teucrieae
Genus: Teucrium
English name: Franco's germander
Zone: Mediterranean
Description
This species occurs in the mountains of Madeira, above 1400m altitude, mostly in the clearings of Erica arboreabforests. It is named after João Manuel António Paes do Amaral Franco (born 1921), one of the greatest contributors to plant taxonomy in Portugal in the 20th and 21st centuries.
Teucrium francoi Observed in Portugal by boromir (license)
Botanical Description
This is a perennial herb (rhizomatous chamaephytes). The stem is 40-100cm, with dense glandular heterotrichous indumentum (subsessile and short to long stalked).
The leaves are 60-110 x 25-40mm, petiole 1.2-3.4cm. The margin is serrate to finely serrate, triangular-lanceolate, acute, cordate. The adaxial face is with subsessile glands on the veins and glandular spreading (slightly antrorse) hairs (short to long stalked) on the lamina, abaxial face with subsessile glands and long glandular spreading hairs (slightly antrorse) on the veins (short to long stalked). The flower pedicels are 1.5-3.9mm, with a dense glandular indumentum (subsessile and short to long stalked).
The inflorescence is 13-21cm with 21-25 whorls, lateral branches with 11-17 whorls. The bracts are 1.5-2.6 x 0.7-1.1cm, triangular-lanceolate. The bracteoles are 7.7-11.5 x 3.2-6.9mm, short petiolated, deltoid. The calyx is 4-7.5mm, bilabiate. The upper lip is 1.7-4mm, shorter than the tube (sometimes almost the same length). The lower lip is with four spiny teeth, 0.4-1.1mm, with glandular trichomes (short stalked). The tube is 2.2-4.1mm, with yellow subsessile glands (tube and lobes) and long spreading (slightly retrorse) glandular hairs (short to long stalked) at the tube more densely to the base. The corolla is yellowish (tube and lips), bilabiate. The anterior lobes are round and short, 1.1-1.7mm, pubescent (subsessile to short stalked glands and unicellular eglandular hairs). The inferior lip is 7.5-9.5mm, with central lobe round, deflected, light yellow, abaxial face hairy with glandular (subsessile to short stalked) and elongated eglandular trichomes. The posterior lobes are 1.6-3.1mm, ovate, blunt, erect and slightly converging, pubescent (subsessile to short stalked glands and unicellular eglandular hairs). The corolla tube is 7-8.5mm, larger than the calyx, pubescent with glandular (subsessile to short stalked) and eglandular elongated trichomes.
The nutlets are circa 1.7mm, subglobose, brown, reticulate-granulate with rare short unicellular eglandular hairs and subsessile glands.
The leaves are 60-110 x 25-40mm, petiole 1.2-3.4cm. The margin is serrate to finely serrate, triangular-lanceolate, acute, cordate. The adaxial face is with subsessile glands on the veins and glandular spreading (slightly antrorse) hairs (short to long stalked) on the lamina, abaxial face with subsessile glands and long glandular spreading hairs (slightly antrorse) on the veins (short to long stalked). The flower pedicels are 1.5-3.9mm, with a dense glandular indumentum (subsessile and short to long stalked).
The inflorescence is 13-21cm with 21-25 whorls, lateral branches with 11-17 whorls. The bracts are 1.5-2.6 x 0.7-1.1cm, triangular-lanceolate. The bracteoles are 7.7-11.5 x 3.2-6.9mm, short petiolated, deltoid. The calyx is 4-7.5mm, bilabiate. The upper lip is 1.7-4mm, shorter than the tube (sometimes almost the same length). The lower lip is with four spiny teeth, 0.4-1.1mm, with glandular trichomes (short stalked). The tube is 2.2-4.1mm, with yellow subsessile glands (tube and lobes) and long spreading (slightly retrorse) glandular hairs (short to long stalked) at the tube more densely to the base. The corolla is yellowish (tube and lips), bilabiate. The anterior lobes are round and short, 1.1-1.7mm, pubescent (subsessile to short stalked glands and unicellular eglandular hairs). The inferior lip is 7.5-9.5mm, with central lobe round, deflected, light yellow, abaxial face hairy with glandular (subsessile to short stalked) and elongated eglandular trichomes. The posterior lobes are 1.6-3.1mm, ovate, blunt, erect and slightly converging, pubescent (subsessile to short stalked glands and unicellular eglandular hairs). The corolla tube is 7-8.5mm, larger than the calyx, pubescent with glandular (subsessile to short stalked) and eglandular elongated trichomes.
The nutlets are circa 1.7mm, subglobose, brown, reticulate-granulate with rare short unicellular eglandular hairs and subsessile glands.
References
- Teucrium francoi M. Seq., Capelo, JC Costa & R. Jardim, a new species of Teucrium gr. scorodonia (Lamiceae) from Madeira, Menezes De Sequeira Miguel, Capelo Jorge Henrique, Costa José Carlos & Jardim Roberto. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 2008 Vol. 156(4) pag. 639-647. DOI
References for the genus
- Flore forestière française : Guide écologique illustré, Jean-Claude Rameau, Dominique Mansion, Gérard Dumé & Christian Gauberville. 2003 Vol. 3 pag. 2045-2163. ISBN
- A conspectus of Teucrium (Lamiaceae) in Queensland, Bean, Tony. Muelleria 2018 Vol. 37. DOI
- A contribution to Teucrium sect. Polium (Lamiaceae) in Flora Iranica, Massoud Ranjbar and Chonour Mahmoudi and Hamid Nazari. Novon 2017 Vol. 25(3) pag. 302-315. JStor
- Contribution à l'étude des Teucrium de la section Polium de Tunisie, Mme S. Puech. Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France. Lettres Botaniques Vol. 129(1) pag. 41-52. DOI
- Diagnoses plantarum orientalium novarum, Boissier, Edmond. 1842 Vol. 2(4). Address
- Flora iberica, Santiago Castroviejo. 2010 Vol. 17 pag. 30-166. ISBN
- Flora of Cyprus, R. D. Meikle. 1977 Vol. 2 pag. 1332-1342. ISBN
- Flora of Madeira, J R Press & M J Short. Pelagic Publishing 2016. ISBN
- Flora of Southern Africa, L.E. Codd, B. De Winter And H.B. Rycroft. Vol. 28(4) pag. 8-11. Address
- Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, P.H. Davies. 1984 Vol. 7 pag. 53-75. ISBN
- Flore pratique du Maroc, Mohamed Fennane, Mohammed Ibn Tattou. 2007 Vol. 2 pag. 411-431. ISBN
- Mountain Flora of Greece, Volume 2, Arne Strid. 1991 pag. 69-75. ISBN
- Notes on Teucrium L.(Labiatae), Toelken, HR. Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Garden 1985 pag. 295-300. JStor
- Phylogeny of non-monophyletic Teucrium (Lamiaceae: Ajugoideae): Implications for character evolution and taxonomy, Salmaki, Yasaman and Kattari, Stefan and Heubl, Günther and Bräuchler, Christian. Taxon 2016 Vol. 65(4) pag. 805-822. DOI
- A conspectus of Teucrium (Lamiaceae) in Queensland, Bean, Tony. Muelleria 2018 Vol. 37. DOI
- A contribution to Teucrium sect. Polium (Lamiaceae) in Flora Iranica, Massoud Ranjbar and Chonour Mahmoudi and Hamid Nazari. Novon 2017 Vol. 25(3) pag. 302-315. JStor
- Contribution à l'étude des Teucrium de la section Polium de Tunisie, Mme S. Puech. Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France. Lettres Botaniques Vol. 129(1) pag. 41-52. DOI
- Diagnoses plantarum orientalium novarum, Boissier, Edmond. 1842 Vol. 2(4). Address
- Flora iberica, Santiago Castroviejo. 2010 Vol. 17 pag. 30-166. ISBN
- Flora of Cyprus, R. D. Meikle. 1977 Vol. 2 pag. 1332-1342. ISBN
- Flora of Madeira, J R Press & M J Short. Pelagic Publishing 2016. ISBN
- Flora of Southern Africa, L.E. Codd, B. De Winter And H.B. Rycroft. Vol. 28(4) pag. 8-11. Address
- Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, P.H. Davies. 1984 Vol. 7 pag. 53-75. ISBN
- Flore pratique du Maroc, Mohamed Fennane, Mohammed Ibn Tattou. 2007 Vol. 2 pag. 411-431. ISBN
- Mountain Flora of Greece, Volume 2, Arne Strid. 1991 pag. 69-75. ISBN
- Notes on Teucrium L.(Labiatae), Toelken, HR. Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Garden 1985 pag. 295-300. JStor
- Phylogeny of non-monophyletic Teucrium (Lamiaceae: Ajugoideae): Implications for character evolution and taxonomy, Salmaki, Yasaman and Kattari, Stefan and Heubl, Günther and Bräuchler, Christian. Taxon 2016 Vol. 65(4) pag. 805-822. DOI
General specifications
Biological type: plant
Frost resistance: 5ºF
Leaf color: dark green
Flower color: white
Reproduction mode: hermaphrodite plant whoes flowers produce both male and female gametes
Specifications for the Mediterranean basin
Adult size (h x w): 0,6ft x 0,6ft
Sun exposure: full sun (Sun hours: >6h Foliage: evergreen
Growth: fast
Flowering time from June until July
Specific information for our garden
Planting substrate: 30%Compost+30%Coco+40%Sand
Plant watering: 3x a week pH 6.5
Logical sequence of containers for: Perennials; forestry plate 8cm, 1L container, 2L forestry pot, 6L container, 55L container
Propagation is done by cuttings
Frost resistance: 5ºF
Leaf color: dark green
Flower color: white
Reproduction mode: hermaphrodite plant whoes flowers produce both male and female gametes
Specifications for the Mediterranean basin
Adult size (h x w): 0,6ft x 0,6ft
Sun exposure: full sun (Sun hours: >6h Foliage: evergreen
Growth: fast
Flowering time from June until July
Specific information for our garden
Planting substrate: 30%Compost+30%Coco+40%Sand
Plant watering: 3x a week pH 6.5
Logical sequence of containers for: Perennials; forestry plate 8cm, 1L container, 2L forestry pot, 6L container, 55L container
Propagation is done by cuttings
Sowing instructions
SPRING Sow the seeds at 2mm depth in the Well Drained Seed Sowing Mix between 59-68°F. During germination keep the substrate moist and in daylight. The seeds germinate in 1-2 weeks.
Germination references for the genus
- Seed germination theory and practice, Deno Norman C. 1993. Address
Germination references for the genus
- Seed germination theory and practice, Deno Norman C. 1993. Address
Experiences in the garden
02-05-23A Obtaining seeds from seed provider Rare Plants collected in '....'. (Cultivated from unknown origin)
12-03-24 Sown 20 seeds in a seed plate ½, they did not geminate in Serre5.
Protocol: Spring 2mm Sowing mix+Sand 59-68°F Damp substrate+Light 1-2w