Teucrium aureum 0
Author: Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber (1739-1810)Family: Lamiaceae Subfamily: Ajugoideae Tribe: Teucrieae
Genus: Teucrium
Synonym(s): Teucrium polium ssp aureum
English name: Golden germander
Zone: Mediterranean
Description
This species is from holm oak forests, pine forests, bushes and mountain meadows, rocky outcrops, stony slopes and sunny slopes, on a limestone substrate, 450-2300m altitude. It is from the south of France, in Languedoc, Iberian Peninsula, Andorra and, mainly, the north- and southeast of Spain.
Teucrium aureum Observed in South Africa by Nicola van Berkel (license)
Botanical Description
This is a subshrub, 7-15cm, erect, pulviniform or cespitose, with rhizomes or stolons. It has thick or thin stems, with seasonal dimorphism, the winter ones flexuous, whitish or grayish, the floriferous ones 2-3cm, erect or decumbent, golden yellow or yellowish-green, with hyaline or yellow hairs, sparsely branched, long, flexuous with 1-2 erect terminal branches.
The basal and cauline leaves are 10-12 x 4-5mm, oblong, cuneate, with rounded or acute apex, toothed or crenate, flat or, rarely, revolute, sometimes conduplicate, with gray upper surface, with whitish underside, with thick central vein, erect or erect-patent. Those of the floriferous stems are 10-13 x 3-5mm, in whorls of 2-3, oblong, acute, cuneate, flat, conduplicate or revolute, golden-yellow or green, patent or erect-patents.
The inflorescence is 1.3 x 1cm, well differentiated, visible, terminal head exceptionally branched, heads 1.5 x 1-1.3cm, pauciflorous, corymboid or subglobose. The bracts are 8 x 5mm, oblong, ovate, suborbicular, flat, crenate in the upper third or entire. The basal bracteoles are petiolate, lanceolate, acute, flat, entire. The calyx is 5-6mm, tubular-campanulate, irregular 3/2, not striated, golden yellow on the outside, with simple, long, flexuous hairs on the veins and the margin of the teeth, with branched hairs, long, flexuous and spheroidal glands at the base, or with branched, long, flexuous hairs and with simple hairs on the margin of the teeth and at the base simple and/or branched hairs on the inner surface of the teeth. The teeth are circa 2mm, flat, the upper ones triangular-ovate, the lower ones triangular-acute, narrow, long, acuminate, with a mucro of 1-1.2mm, sometimes denticulate. The corolla is 6-7mm, unilabiate, golden yellow, lemon yellow, exceptionally cream. The tube is 2-2.5mm, straight, as wide as the calyx tube, dilated apically, with a posterior notch. The latero-posterior lobes are circa 1 x 1mm, truncated, anterior margin falcate, sometimes with cuspidate or rounded apex, forming an angle with the tube, ciliate, with spheroidal glands, erect. The lateral lobes are as long as the latero-posterior lobes, ovate, acute, glabrous or ciliate, divergent. The central lobe is 1.4 x 1mm, spatulate, horizontal. It has exserted stamens with hairy filaments.
The nutlets are subglobose, glabrous or hairy, reticulated, brown or black.
The basal and cauline leaves are 10-12 x 4-5mm, oblong, cuneate, with rounded or acute apex, toothed or crenate, flat or, rarely, revolute, sometimes conduplicate, with gray upper surface, with whitish underside, with thick central vein, erect or erect-patent. Those of the floriferous stems are 10-13 x 3-5mm, in whorls of 2-3, oblong, acute, cuneate, flat, conduplicate or revolute, golden-yellow or green, patent or erect-patents.
The inflorescence is 1.3 x 1cm, well differentiated, visible, terminal head exceptionally branched, heads 1.5 x 1-1.3cm, pauciflorous, corymboid or subglobose. The bracts are 8 x 5mm, oblong, ovate, suborbicular, flat, crenate in the upper third or entire. The basal bracteoles are petiolate, lanceolate, acute, flat, entire. The calyx is 5-6mm, tubular-campanulate, irregular 3/2, not striated, golden yellow on the outside, with simple, long, flexuous hairs on the veins and the margin of the teeth, with branched hairs, long, flexuous and spheroidal glands at the base, or with branched, long, flexuous hairs and with simple hairs on the margin of the teeth and at the base simple and/or branched hairs on the inner surface of the teeth. The teeth are circa 2mm, flat, the upper ones triangular-ovate, the lower ones triangular-acute, narrow, long, acuminate, with a mucro of 1-1.2mm, sometimes denticulate. The corolla is 6-7mm, unilabiate, golden yellow, lemon yellow, exceptionally cream. The tube is 2-2.5mm, straight, as wide as the calyx tube, dilated apically, with a posterior notch. The latero-posterior lobes are circa 1 x 1mm, truncated, anterior margin falcate, sometimes with cuspidate or rounded apex, forming an angle with the tube, ciliate, with spheroidal glands, erect. The lateral lobes are as long as the latero-posterior lobes, ovate, acute, glabrous or ciliate, divergent. The central lobe is 1.4 x 1mm, spatulate, horizontal. It has exserted stamens with hairy filaments.
The nutlets are subglobose, glabrous or hairy, reticulated, brown or black.
References
References for the genus
- Flore forestière française : Guide écologique illustré, Jean-Claude Rameau, Dominique Mansion, Gérard Dumé & Christian Gauberville. 2003 Vol. 3 pag. 2045-2163. ISBN
- A conspectus of Teucrium (Lamiaceae) in Queensland, Bean, Tony. Muelleria 2018 Vol. 37. DOI
- A contribution to Teucrium sect. Polium (Lamiaceae) in Flora Iranica, Massoud Ranjbar and Chonour Mahmoudi and Hamid Nazari. Novon 2017 Vol. 25(3) pag. 302-315. JStor
- Contribution à l'étude des Teucrium de la section Polium de Tunisie, Mme S. Puech. Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France. Lettres Botaniques Vol. 129(1) pag. 41-52. DOI
- Diagnoses plantarum orientalium novarum, Boissier, Edmond. 1842 Vol. 2(4). Address
- Flora iberica, Santiago Castroviejo. 2010 Vol. 17 pag. 30-166. ISBN
- Flora of Cyprus, R. D. Meikle. 1977 Vol. 2 pag. 1332-1342. ISBN
- Flora of Madeira, J R Press & M J Short. Pelagic Publishing 2016. ISBN
- Flora of Southern Africa, L.E. Codd, B. De Winter And H.B. Rycroft. Vol. 28(4) pag. 8-11. Address
- Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, P.H. Davies. 1984 Vol. 7 pag. 53-75. ISBN
- Flore pratique du Maroc, Mohamed Fennane, Mohammed Ibn Tattou. 2007 Vol. 2 pag. 411-431. ISBN
- Mountain Flora of Greece, Volume 2, Arne Strid. 1991 pag. 69-75. ISBN
- Notes on Teucrium L.(Labiatae), Toelken, HR. Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Garden 1985 pag. 295-300. JStor
- Phylogeny of non-monophyletic Teucrium (Lamiaceae: Ajugoideae): Implications for character evolution and taxonomy, Salmaki, Yasaman and Kattari, Stefan and Heubl, Günther and Bräuchler, Christian. Taxon 2016 Vol. 65(4) pag. 805-822. DOI
- A conspectus of Teucrium (Lamiaceae) in Queensland, Bean, Tony. Muelleria 2018 Vol. 37. DOI
- A contribution to Teucrium sect. Polium (Lamiaceae) in Flora Iranica, Massoud Ranjbar and Chonour Mahmoudi and Hamid Nazari. Novon 2017 Vol. 25(3) pag. 302-315. JStor
- Contribution à l'étude des Teucrium de la section Polium de Tunisie, Mme S. Puech. Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France. Lettres Botaniques Vol. 129(1) pag. 41-52. DOI
- Diagnoses plantarum orientalium novarum, Boissier, Edmond. 1842 Vol. 2(4). Address
- Flora iberica, Santiago Castroviejo. 2010 Vol. 17 pag. 30-166. ISBN
- Flora of Cyprus, R. D. Meikle. 1977 Vol. 2 pag. 1332-1342. ISBN
- Flora of Madeira, J R Press & M J Short. Pelagic Publishing 2016. ISBN
- Flora of Southern Africa, L.E. Codd, B. De Winter And H.B. Rycroft. Vol. 28(4) pag. 8-11. Address
- Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, P.H. Davies. 1984 Vol. 7 pag. 53-75. ISBN
- Flore pratique du Maroc, Mohamed Fennane, Mohammed Ibn Tattou. 2007 Vol. 2 pag. 411-431. ISBN
- Mountain Flora of Greece, Volume 2, Arne Strid. 1991 pag. 69-75. ISBN
- Notes on Teucrium L.(Labiatae), Toelken, HR. Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Garden 1985 pag. 295-300. JStor
- Phylogeny of non-monophyletic Teucrium (Lamiaceae: Ajugoideae): Implications for character evolution and taxonomy, Salmaki, Yasaman and Kattari, Stefan and Heubl, Günther and Bräuchler, Christian. Taxon 2016 Vol. 65(4) pag. 805-822. DOI
General specifications
Indigenous plant
Biological type: plant
Frost resistance: 5ºF
Leaf color: glaucous
Flower color: yellow
Reproduction mode: hermaphrodite plant whoes flowers produce both male and female gametes
Specifications for the Mediterranean basin
Adult size (h x w): 1,3ft x 1,9ft
Sun exposure: full sun (Sun hours: >6h Foliage: evergreen
Growth: fast
Flowering time from May until June
Specific information for our garden
Planting substrate: 30%Compost+30%Coco+40%Sand
Plant watering: 1x a week pH 7.5
Logical sequence of containers for: Perennials; forestry plate 8cm, 1L container, 2L forestry pot, 6L container, 55L container
Propagation is done by cuttings
Germination references for the genus
- Seed germination theory and practice, Deno Norman C. 1993. Address
Frost resistance: 5ºF
Leaf color: glaucous
Flower color: yellow
Reproduction mode: hermaphrodite plant whoes flowers produce both male and female gametes
Specifications for the Mediterranean basin
Adult size (h x w): 1,3ft x 1,9ft
Sun exposure: full sun (Sun hours: >6h Foliage: evergreen
Growth: fast
Flowering time from May until June
Specific information for our garden
Planting substrate: 30%Compost+30%Coco+40%Sand
Plant watering: 1x a week pH 7.5
Logical sequence of containers for: Perennials; forestry plate 8cm, 1L container, 2L forestry pot, 6L container, 55L container
Propagation is done by cuttings
Germination references for the genus
- Seed germination theory and practice, Deno Norman C. 1993. Address
This plant is available from the following nurseries
Experiences in the garden
31-10-12A Obtaining 9 plants from nursery Filippi (Cultivated from unknown origin)
17-09-18 4x Dead plant asphyxiate: par 01801 Brachyglottis monroi JTz2.
31-05-18 5x Dead plant asphyxiate: par 01801 Brachyglottis monroi JTz2.
01-04-21B Obtaining 3 plants from nursery Filippi, they are in our nursery Petit26 1x C6 (Cultivated from unknown origin)
15-10-21 1x Dead plant because of watering problem: Serre8 C6.