Dryopteris aemula 0
Author: (William Aiton (1731-1793)) Otto Kuntze (1843-1907)Family: Polypodiaceae Subfamily: Dryopteridoideae
Genus: Dryopteris
English name: Hay-scented Buckler Fern
Zone: Mediterranean
Description
It is commonly known under the name ‘Hay scented fern’. It is present in a large European part as far as Macaronesia (all the islands to the west of Africa and Europe in the Atlantic Ocean Canaries, Azores, Madeira and Cape Verde). It is a species linked to the mild and humid oceanic climate throughout its range. It is mainly found in humid undergrowth and near water. On siliceous substrate only.
The plant has a few tufted leaves, 30 to 60cm long, triangular and with a characteristic frizzy appearance. Easily confused with Dryopteris dilatata, one distinguishes it mainly by its glandulosity, although rather weak, and with its single-colored scales.
The species is protected in France where it is located from Finistère to Cotentin and the Basque Country. It is an elegant plant, with a pale green complexion that does not lack ornamental interest. However, it should be kept in the shadiest corners of the garden, away from frost, drought and wind.
Experiences
Hygrophilous species of oceanic climate unfortunately too fragile here, tested in greenhouse 1 a few years ago and lost.
References
- Encyclopedia of garden ferns, Sue Olsen. 2007. ISBN
- Flora iberica, Santiago Castroviejo. 2010 Vol. 1 pag. 143. ISBN
- Flora of Madeira, J R Press & M J Short. Pelagic Publishing 2016 pag. 51. ISBN
Dryopteris aemula Observed in France by Sébastien SANT (license)
References for the genus
- A revision of the fern genus Dryopteris (Dryopteridaceae) in sub-Saharan Africa, Roux Jacobus. Phytotaxa 2012 Vol. 70 pag. 1-118. DOI
- An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Taita Hills, Eastern Arc Mountain. PhytoKeys 2022 Vol. 191 pag. 1-158. Address
- eFloras. eFloras.org Vol. 2 pag. 110995. Dryopteris
- Flora iberica, Santiago Castroviejo. 2010 Vol. 1 pag. 128-143. ISBN
- Flora of Madeira, J R Press & M J Short. Pelagic Publishing 2016 pag. 50-52. ISBN
- Flora of Southern Africa, L.E. Codd, B. De Winter And H.B. Rycroft. Vol. P pag. 245-250. Address
- Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, P.H. Davies. 1984. ISBN
- Phylogeny, divergence times, and historical biogeography of New World Dryopteris (Dryopteridaceae), Sessa, Emily B and Zimmer, Elizabeth A and Givnish, Thomas J. American Journal of Botany 2012 Vol. 99(4) pag. 730-750. Address
- Relationships and evolutionary origins of polyploid Dryopteris (Dryopteridaceae) from Europe inferred using nuclear pgiC and plastid trnL-F sequence data, Juslén, Aino and Väre, Henry and Wikström, Niklas. Taxon 2011 Vol. 60(5) pag. 1284-1294. DOI
- Revised classification of the species within the dryopteris varia complex (Dryopteridaceae) in Japan, Hori, Kiyotaka and Ebihara, Atsushi and Murakami, Noriaki. Taxon 2018 Vol. 69 pag. 77-108. DOI
- The cultivated species of the fern genus Dryopteris in the United States, Hoshizaki, Barbara Joe and Wilson, Kenneth A. American Fern Journal 1999 pag. 1-98. JStor
- The Dryopteris dilatata complex in Macaronesia and the Iberian Peninsula, Gibby M. 1983. Address
- The species and subspecies in the Dryopteris affinis group, C.R. Fraser-Jenkins. Fern Gazette 2007 Vol. 18(1) pag. 1-26. Address
- What we do (and don't) know about ferns: Dryopteris (Dryopteridaceae) as a case study, Sessa, Emily B and Zhang, Li-Bing and Väe, Henry and Juslß, Aino. Systematic Botany 2015 Vol. 40(2) pag. 387-399. ResearchGate
- An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Taita Hills, Eastern Arc Mountain. PhytoKeys 2022 Vol. 191 pag. 1-158. Address
- eFloras. eFloras.org Vol. 2 pag. 110995. Dryopteris
- Flora iberica, Santiago Castroviejo. 2010 Vol. 1 pag. 128-143. ISBN
- Flora of Madeira, J R Press & M J Short. Pelagic Publishing 2016 pag. 50-52. ISBN
- Flora of Southern Africa, L.E. Codd, B. De Winter And H.B. Rycroft. Vol. P pag. 245-250. Address
- Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, P.H. Davies. 1984. ISBN
- Phylogeny, divergence times, and historical biogeography of New World Dryopteris (Dryopteridaceae), Sessa, Emily B and Zimmer, Elizabeth A and Givnish, Thomas J. American Journal of Botany 2012 Vol. 99(4) pag. 730-750. Address
- Relationships and evolutionary origins of polyploid Dryopteris (Dryopteridaceae) from Europe inferred using nuclear pgiC and plastid trnL-F sequence data, Juslén, Aino and Väre, Henry and Wikström, Niklas. Taxon 2011 Vol. 60(5) pag. 1284-1294. DOI
- Revised classification of the species within the dryopteris varia complex (Dryopteridaceae) in Japan, Hori, Kiyotaka and Ebihara, Atsushi and Murakami, Noriaki. Taxon 2018 Vol. 69 pag. 77-108. DOI
- The cultivated species of the fern genus Dryopteris in the United States, Hoshizaki, Barbara Joe and Wilson, Kenneth A. American Fern Journal 1999 pag. 1-98. JStor
- The Dryopteris dilatata complex in Macaronesia and the Iberian Peninsula, Gibby M. 1983. Address
- The species and subspecies in the Dryopteris affinis group, C.R. Fraser-Jenkins. Fern Gazette 2007 Vol. 18(1) pag. 1-26. Address
- What we do (and don't) know about ferns: Dryopteris (Dryopteridaceae) as a case study, Sessa, Emily B and Zhang, Li-Bing and Väe, Henry and Juslß, Aino. Systematic Botany 2015 Vol. 40(2) pag. 387-399. ResearchGate
General specifications
Biological type: fern
Frost resistance: 10ºF
Leaf color: dark green
Reproduction mode: cryptogams plant that reproduce via spores
Specifications for the Mediterranean basin
Adult size (h x w): 1,9ft x 1,9ft
Plant with a spacing of: 1,7ft
Sun exposure: shadow (Sun hours: <3h Foliage: evergreen
Growth: average
Specific information for our garden
Planting substrate: 40%Compost+20%Peet+40%Sand
Plant watering: 3x a week pH 5.5
Logical sequence of containers for: Ferns; container, C1 container, 2L forestry pot, 6L container, 55L container
Propagation is done by root division
Ecology in its country of origin
Rainfall: 800-4000mm
Gravelly soil: much
Humus soil: much
Acidic soil: much
Frost resistance: 10ºF
Leaf color: dark green
Reproduction mode: cryptogams plant that reproduce via spores
Specifications for the Mediterranean basin
Adult size (h x w): 1,9ft x 1,9ft
Plant with a spacing of: 1,7ft
Sun exposure: shadow (Sun hours: <3h Foliage: evergreen
Growth: average
Specific information for our garden
Planting substrate: 40%Compost+20%Peet+40%Sand
Plant watering: 3x a week pH 5.5
Logical sequence of containers for: Ferns; container, C1 container, 2L forestry pot, 6L container, 55L container
Propagation is done by root division
Ecology in its country of origin
Rainfall: 800-4000mm
Gravelly soil: much
Humus soil: much
Acidic soil: much
Sowing instructions
SPRING Sow in an airtight container. The tray and the sterilized substrate. No direct sunlight on the substrate.
The average seed weight is 100000,0 per gram (0,00001g).
Germination references
- Effect of Storage Method on Spore Viability in Five Globally Threatened Fern Species, QUINTANILLA, LUIS G. and AMIGO, JAVIER and PANGUA, EMILIA and PAJARÃ'N, SANTIAGO. Annals of Botany 2002 Vol. 90(4) pag. 461-467. DOI
The average seed weight is 100000,0 per gram (0,00001g).
Germination references
- Effect of Storage Method on Spore Viability in Five Globally Threatened Fern Species, QUINTANILLA, LUIS G. and AMIGO, JAVIER and PANGUA, EMILIA and PAJARÃ'N, SANTIAGO. Annals of Botany 2002 Vol. 90(4) pag. 461-467. DOI
Experiences in the garden
23-08-16A Obtaining 10 plants from nursery Bowdens (Cultivated from unknown origin)
04-06-18 10x Plant not found in garden: JTFerns.
11-10-16B Obtaining 10 plants from nursery Fougères (Cultivated from unknown origin)
20-06-19 9x Dead plant because of heat and drought in summer: Serre1 C2.
27-08-18 1x Dead plant because of heat and drought in summer: Serre1.